Following the Fukushima nuclear accident, Germany has adopted the 2011 Atomic Energy Act (Atomgesetz), which plans the phase-out of nuclear power by 2022. It establishes the immediate and permanent shutdown of half of the country’s nuclear reactors and plans the gradual closure of the remaining ones, involving strong implications for both the German electricity mix and prices. Using German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) data at the district scale and the Difference-in-Difference approach, this paper aims at evaluating the local impacts of this exogenous policy on air pollution, health and socio-economic indicators, such as real-estate or labour market outcomes. By doing so, this study aspires to help fill the gap in empirical work assessing the effects of large-scale nuclear shutdowns, a policy yet currently considered by other countries, as well as to contribute to the discussion on the consequences of ambitious energy policies.