AMU - AMSE
5-9 Boulevard Maurice Bourdet, CS 50498
13205 Marseille Cedex 1
Seegmuller
Publications
Endogenous cycles cannot emerge in one-sector monetary overlapping generations models when there is intertemporal substitutability, even if returns to scale are increasing. In this article, we show that the conclusions are different when there are two sectors. Considering a two-sector monetary overlapping generations economy, we assume that in each sector, households consume the two goods produced in the economy and firms produce one final good under an internal constant returns to scale technology. However, returns to scale are increasing at the social level because there are sector specific externalities. In this framework, we show that endogenous cycles can occur when households prefer to consume the good produced in the other sector. This result is essentially due to the fact that aggregate consumption in each sector highly depends on the price of the good produced in the other sector. Moreover, we can notice that it does not depend on the substitutability or complementarity between the two goods.
In a simple OLG model, we introduce public services which work as a source of utility. Assuming constant returns to scale in the production, we show that public services promote the occurrence of local indeterminacy. In contrast to a lot of existing contributions which have exploited productive externalities, this paper establishes that the existence of externalities in the utility function can explain the emergence of endogenous fluctuations.
Nous étudions l'émergence de fluctuations endogènes dans un modèle à générations imbriquées dans lequel les producteurs se livrent une concurrence à la Cournot avec libre entrée. L'économie est caractérisée par un taux de marge variable et des rendements croissants. Nous analysons l'influence de la variabilité du taux de marge et du niveau des rendements croissants sur l'indétermination locale de l'équilibre stationnaire et l'existence de cycles endo-gènes. Nous montrons que des fluctuations endogènes déterministes peuvent émerger si les rendements sont faiblement croissants et sont proches des rendements constants. En revanche, lorsque les rendements sont constants et le taux de marge disparaît, l'équilibre peut être indéterminé, mais des cycles déterministes ne peuvent pas apparaître. La concurrence imparfaite et la variabilité du taux de marge favorisent donc l'émergence de fluctuations endogènes.